Measurement, Valuation, and Investment Accounting

Accounting methods for historical cost, fair value, equity investments, market remeasurement, and designated hedges.

Measurement determines the amount at which an asset, liability, income item, or expense appears in financial statements. Historical Cost begins with transaction cost, while Fair Value uses a current market-based measurement objective.

Significant Influence identifies participation in an investee’s policy decisions without control or joint control. When the applicable criteria are met, Equity Method Accounting reflects the investor’s share of adjusted investee results and distributions. Hedge Accounting aligns qualifying risk-management instruments and designated exposures across profit, OCI, or asset cost.

The method label is not enough for comparison. Check the unit of account, initial and subsequent measurement, where changes are presented, whether estimates use observable inputs, and which framework-specific elections or exceptions apply.

In this section

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Equity Method

Equity method accounting adjusts an investment for the investor's share of investee results, distributions, basis differences, and other required changes.

Hedge Accounting

Optional accounting that aligns qualifying hedging instruments with designated risk exposures in profit, OCI, or asset cost.

Significant Influence

Significant influence is the power to participate in an investee's financial and operating policy decisions without controlling them.

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