Mortgage Buydowns

Temporary mortgage payment subsidies, permanent rate buydowns, and the mechanics of 2-1 and 3-2-1 schedules.

Mortgage buydowns use upfront funds either to obtain a lower contractual rate or to subsidize payments for a limited period. The distinction determines the note rate, qualification, payment path, and appropriate cost comparison.

Start with Mortgage Buydown for the permanent-versus-temporary distinction. Temporary Mortgage Buydown explains funding, account custody, underwriting, and payment obligations.

Use 2-1 Buydown Mortgage or 3-2-1 Buydown Mortgage for schedule-specific calculations. For points that lower the note rate, use Permanent Mortgage Buydown.

What to Verify

  • The contractual note rate and full principal-and-interest payment.
  • Every temporary borrower contribution and account draw.
  • Total prefunding, funding source, custody, and servicing method.
  • Qualification payment and interested-party contribution limits.
  • Treatment after payoff, refinance, sale, transfer, default, or modification.
  • Full-payment affordability after the subsidy ends.

Temporary buydowns are not adjustable-rate mortgages. A reduced opening contribution is not a guaranteed path to refinancing or future affordability. This content is educational and is not individualized mortgage, legal, tax, or financial advice.

In this section

Choose a subsection first. Deeper term pages live inside each subsection, which keeps large topic hubs readable.

2-1 Buydown Mortgage

A 2-1 buydown uses prefunded money to reduce the borrower's payment by two rate-equivalent points in year one and one point in year two.

3-2-1 Buydown Mortgage

A 3-2-1 buydown uses prefunded money to reduce the borrower's payment by three, two, and one rate-equivalent points during the first three years.

Mortgage Buydown

A mortgage buydown uses upfront funds either to purchase a lower note rate or to subsidize scheduled payments for a limited opening period.

Temporary Mortgage Buydown

A temporary mortgage buydown uses prefunded money to reduce the borrower's opening payments while the contractual note rate and full payment obligation remain in place.

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