Capital
Capital is the stock of productive resources, financial funding, or ownership claims that supports production and investment.
Capital-stock and capital-formation terms for linking investment spending, productive capacity, and growth assumptions.
Capital Stock and Formation covers capital formation, investment spending, saving behavior, productivity, depreciation, obsolescence, and public investment funds used in finance and macro analysis.
Use these pages when productive capacity, replacement investment, capital intensity, productivity, or investment demand changes growth, margins, valuation, or public-sector investment assumptions. It sits inside Capital Stock, Formation, and Investment, so readers can move up when the broader economics context matters.
Use the table below to choose the narrower economics branch before applying a term to a model, credit view, market interpretation, policy conclusion, or risk review. Move into the term page when the evidence source, calculation, institution, market convention, or risk exposure matters.
| Area | Use it for |
|---|---|
| Capital | Capital is the stock of productive resources, financial funding, or ownership claims that supports production and investment. |
| Capital Formation | Capital formation is the process of adding to an economy’s productive assets through investment, saving, and retained resources. |
| Gross Domestic Capital Formation | Gross domestic capital formation measures domestic investment in fixed assets, inventories, and other capital formation during a period. |
| Gross Domestic Fixed Capital Formation | Gross domestic fixed capital formation measures investment in fixed assets such as structures, equipment, machinery, and infrastructure. |
| Gross Fixed Investment | GFI measures the total expenditure on new fixed assets by businesses, governments, and households. |
| Structural Capital | Structural capital is organizational knowledge, systems, processes, and intellectual infrastructure that support productive capacity. |
Capital and productivity explanations are educational and do not recommend a project, security, fund, or allocation.
Choose a subsection first. Deeper term pages live inside each subsection, which keeps large topic hubs readable.
Capital is the stock of productive resources, financial funding, or ownership claims that supports production and investment.
Capital formation is the process of adding to an economy's productive assets through investment, saving, and retained resources.
Gross domestic capital formation measures domestic investment in fixed assets, inventories, and other capital formation during a period.
Gross domestic fixed capital formation measures investment in fixed assets such as structures, equipment, machinery, and infrastructure.
GFI measures the total expenditure on new fixed assets by businesses, governments, and households.
Structural capital is organizational knowledge, systems, processes, and intellectual infrastructure that support productive capacity.