Capital, Investment, and Productivity

Capital, Investment, and Productivity covers capital formation, investment spending, saving behavior, productivity, depreciation, and obsolescence used in finance and macro analysis.

Use these pages when productive capacity, replacement investment, capital intensity, productivity, or investment demand changes growth, margins, valuation, or public-sector investment assumptions. It sits inside Economics, so readers can move up when the broader economics context matters.

Use the capital-stock branch for measured investment and productive assets, the investment-behavior branch for saving and investment models, and the productivity branch for output efficiency, depreciation, and obsolescence. Public investment institutions now sit with other Public, Sovereign, and Special-Purpose Funds.

What This Branch Covers

What to Check

• Gross, net, fixed, replacement, or inventory investment measure.
• Capital stock, depreciation, obsolescence, or productivity definition.
• Sector, country, company, or public fund involved.
• Time horizon and inflation adjustment.
• Growth, margin, capacity, or valuation assumption affected.

Common Mistakes

• Confusing gross investment with net additions to capital stock.
• Ignoring depreciation and obsolescence.
• Treating productivity as the same thing as output growth.
• Mixing company capital expenditure with national-account investment measures.

Capital and productivity explanations are educational and do not recommend a project, security, fund, or allocation.

In this section

Choose a subsection first. Deeper term pages live inside each subsection, which keeps large topic hubs readable.